Historical tsunamis · Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC
2021 S of Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands tsunami
New Zealand
The tsunami of Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC originated near S of Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands (New Zealand).
Key facts
- Date
- Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC
- Cause
- Earthquake
- Magnitude
- M8.1
- Depth
- 19 km
- Maximum documented water height
- 1.00 m
- Observation records
- 174
- Countries affected
- 33
It was triggered by a magnitude 8.1 earthquake at a depth of 19 km.
The highest documented water height was 1.00 m (Tadine, Mare Island, New Caledonia).
174 observation sites in 33 countries are recorded.
Outside the source country, the earliest documented arrival was at Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa) (Tonga) after 1:15 h.
Map of observation sites
174Each dot is a documented observation site; colour and size show the observed water height. The triangle marks the source.
Tsunami arrival times
Documented arrival times from the NOAA/NCEI database, showing the earliest recorded location per country. Coverage is incomplete: a country without an entry was not necessarily spared.
- 0:00 hEarthquake (origin) · Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC
- 1:15 hTonga · Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa) · 0.07 m
- 1:26 hNew Zealand · East Cape · 0.16 m
- 2:04 hCook Islands · Rarotonga · 0.05 m
- 2:10 hFiji · Suva, King's Wharf · 0.08 m
- 2:42 hAustralia · Norfolk Island · 0.56 m
- 2:44 hSamoa · Apia, Upolu Island · 0.06 m
- 2:47 hVanuatu · Aneityum, Vanuatu Islands
- 2:47 hNew Caledonia · Mare Island · 0.06 m
- 3:04 hWallis and Futuna (French Territory) · Mata-Utu, Wallis Island · 0.03 m
- 3:33 hFrench Polynesia · Tubuai · 0.08 m
- 5:03 hSolomon Islands · Tarekukure, Taro Island · 0.03 m
- 5:06 hKiribati · Christmas Island, Line Islands · 0.02 m
- 5:44 hUSA Territory · Palmyra Island · 0.01 m
- 6:41 hMarshall Islands, Rep. Of · Kwajalein, Marshall Islands · 0.03 m
- 7:35 hUnited States · Nawiliwili, Kauai, Hi · 0.06 m
- 7:44 hMicronesia, Fed. States Of · Dekehtik, Pohnpei · 0.13 m
140 places with a documented arrival time
Observations by country
| Country | Observation records | Maximum documented water height | Deaths | Earliest arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 1.00 m Tadine, Mare Island | — | 2:47 h | |
| 13 | 0.60 m Norfolk Island | — | 2:42 h | |
| 3 | 0.48 m Santa Cruz Island | — | 14:05 h | |
| 5 | 0.32 m Port Vila, Efate Island | — | 2:47 h | |
| 31 | 0.31 m Bahia Mansa | — | 8:33 h | |
| 24 | 0.30 m Arena Cove, Ca | — | 7:35 h | |
| 21 | 0.29 m Korotiti Bay, Great Barrier Island | — | 1:26 h | |
| 9 | 0.25 m Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas Islands | — | 3:33 h | |
| 1 | 0.21 m Callao la Punta | — | 15:08 h | |
| 7 | 0.19 m Chichijima Island | — | 10:59 h | |
| 8 | 0.18 m Puerto Madero | — | 10:36 h | |
| 3 | 0.18 m Quepos | — | 14:53 h | |
| Micronesia, Fed. States Of | 2 | 0.13 m Dekehtik, Pohnpei | — | 7:44 h |
| UK Territory | 2 | 0.12 m Port Stanley, Falkland Islands | — | — |
| 1 | 0.11 m Tema | — | 23:37 h | |
| 11 | 0.08 m Ucluelet, British Columbia | — | 12:20 h | |
| 2 | 0.08 m Suva, King's Wharf | — | 2:10 h | |
| 2 | 0.07 m Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa) | — | 1:15 h | |
| 2 | 0.06 m Apia, Upolu Island | — | 2:44 h | |
| 1 | 0.06 m Vodopadnaya, Kamchatka | — | — | |
| 1 | 0.05 m Rarotonga | — | 2:04 h | |
| USA Territory | 2 | 0.04 m Midway Islands | — | 5:44 h |
| 2 | 0.04 m Port Louis Harbour | — | 16:59 h | |
| 2 | 0.04 m Vernadsky Faraday, Argentine Isl | — | 11:46 h | |
| Reunion (French Territory) | 1 | 0.04 m Reunion | — | 17:27 h |
| French Southern and Antarctic Territories | 1 | 0.03 m Kerguelen | — | — |
| Marshall Islands, Rep. Of | 1 | 0.03 m Kwajalein, Marshall Islands | — | 6:41 h |
| Wallis and Futuna (French Territory) | 1 | 0.03 m Mata-Utu, Wallis Island | — | 3:04 h |
| 1 | 0.03 m Tarekukure, Taro Island | — | 5:03 h | |
| 1 | 0.02 m Christmas Island, Line Islands | — | 5:06 h | |
| 1 | 0.02 m Lombrum, Admiralty Islands | — | 8:52 h | |
| Naoero | 1 | 0.02 m Nauru | — | — |
| 1 | 0.01 m La Union | — | 16:10 h |
Highest documented water heights
15 / 174Individual documented observations for this event. Heights come from different measurement types and sources; not every location has a measured height.
| Location / station | Observed height | Distance from source | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tadine, Mare Island | 1.00 m | 1,743 km | New Caledonia |
| Norfolk Island | 0.60 m | 1,435 km | Australia |
| Norfolk Island | 0.56 m | 1,436 km | Australia |
| Santa Cruz Island · Galapagos Islands | 0.48 m | 9,679 km | Ecuador |
| Port Vila, Efate Island | 0.32 m | 1,978 km | Vanuatu |
| Bahia Mansa · Los Lagos | 0.31 m | 8,948 km | Chile |
| Arena Cove, Ca · Ca | 0.30 m | 9,413 km | United States |
| Lenakel, Tanna | 0.30 m | 1,769 km | Vanuatu |
| Korotiti Bay, Great Barrier Island | 0.29 m | 984 km | New Zealand |
| Chanaral · Atacama | 0.28 m | 10,040 km | Chile |
| Jackson Bay | 0.26 m | 2,014 km | New Zealand |
| Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas Islands · Marquesas Islands | 0.25 m | 4,503 km | French Polynesia |
| Owenga, Chatham Island | 0.24 m | 1,587 km | New Zealand |
| Arica · Arica Y Parinacota | 0.23 m | 10,552 km | Chile |
| Corral · Los Rios | 0.23 m | 9,012 km | Chile |
More tsunamis
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Historical Tsunami Database. Confirmed events only. Deaths and damage are database estimates; older records are incomplete. Water heights come from different types of observation.