Historical tsunamis · Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC

2021 S of Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands tsunami

New Zealand

The tsunami of Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC originated near S of Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands (New Zealand).

Key facts

Date
Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC
Cause
Earthquake
Magnitude
M8.1
Depth
19 km
Maximum documented water height
1.00 m
Observation records
174
Countries affected
33

It was triggered by a magnitude 8.1 earthquake at a depth of 19 km.

The highest documented water height was 1.00 m (Tadine, Mare Island, New Caledonia).

174 observation sites in 33 countries are recorded.

Outside the source country, the earliest documented arrival was at Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa) (Tonga) after 1:15 h.

Map of observation sites

174

Each dot is a documented observation site; colour and size show the observed water height. The triangle marks the source.

Tsunami arrival times

Documented arrival times from the NOAA/NCEI database, showing the earliest recorded location per country. Coverage is incomplete: a country without an entry was not necessarily spared.

  1. 0:00 hEarthquake (origin) · Mar 4, 2021, 7:28 PM UTC
  2. 1:15 hTonga · Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa) · 0.07 m
  3. 1:26 hNew Zealand · East Cape · 0.16 m
  4. 2:04 hCook Islands · Rarotonga · 0.05 m
  5. 2:10 hFiji · Suva, King's Wharf · 0.08 m
  6. 2:42 hAustralia · Norfolk Island · 0.56 m
  7. 2:44 hSamoa · Apia, Upolu Island · 0.06 m
  8. 2:47 hVanuatu · Aneityum, Vanuatu Islands
  9. 2:47 hNew Caledonia · Mare Island · 0.06 m
  10. 3:04 hWallis and Futuna (French Territory) · Mata-Utu, Wallis Island · 0.03 m
  11. 3:33 hFrench Polynesia · Tubuai · 0.08 m
  12. 5:03 hSolomon Islands · Tarekukure, Taro Island · 0.03 m
  13. 5:06 hKiribati · Christmas Island, Line Islands · 0.02 m
  14. 5:44 hUSA Territory · Palmyra Island · 0.01 m
  15. 6:41 hMarshall Islands, Rep. Of · Kwajalein, Marshall Islands · 0.03 m
  16. 7:35 hUnited States · Nawiliwili, Kauai, Hi · 0.06 m
  17. 7:44 hMicronesia, Fed. States Of · Dekehtik, Pohnpei · 0.13 m

140 places with a documented arrival time

Observations by country

CountryObservation recordsMaximum documented water heightDeathsEarliest arrival
New Caledonia101.00 m
Tadine, Mare Island
—2:47 h
Australia130.60 m
Norfolk Island
—2:42 h
Ecuador30.48 m
Santa Cruz Island
—14:05 h
Vanuatu50.32 m
Port Vila, Efate Island
—2:47 h
Chile310.31 m
Bahia Mansa
—8:33 h
United States240.30 m
Arena Cove, Ca
—7:35 h
New Zealand210.29 m
Korotiti Bay, Great Barrier Island
—1:26 h
French Polynesia90.25 m
Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas Islands
—3:33 h
Peru10.21 m
Callao la Punta
—15:08 h
Japan70.19 m
Chichijima Island
—10:59 h
Mexico80.18 m
Puerto Madero
—10:36 h
Costa Rica30.18 m
Quepos
—14:53 h
Micronesia, Fed. States Of20.13 m
Dekehtik, Pohnpei
—7:44 h
UK Territory20.12 m
Port Stanley, Falkland Islands
——
Ghana10.11 m
Tema
—23:37 h
Canada110.08 m
Ucluelet, British Columbia
—12:20 h
Fiji20.08 m
Suva, King's Wharf
—2:10 h
Tonga20.07 m
Nukualofa (Nuku'alofa)
—1:15 h
Samoa20.06 m
Apia, Upolu Island
—2:44 h
Russia10.06 m
Vodopadnaya, Kamchatka
——
Cook Islands10.05 m
Rarotonga
—2:04 h
USA Territory20.04 m
Midway Islands
—5:44 h
Mauritius20.04 m
Port Louis Harbour
—16:59 h
Antarctica20.04 m
Vernadsky Faraday, Argentine Isl
—11:46 h
Reunion (French Territory)10.04 m
Reunion
—17:27 h
French Southern and Antarctic Territories10.03 m
Kerguelen
——
Marshall Islands, Rep. Of10.03 m
Kwajalein, Marshall Islands
—6:41 h
Wallis and Futuna (French Territory)10.03 m
Mata-Utu, Wallis Island
—3:04 h
Solomon Islands10.03 m
Tarekukure, Taro Island
—5:03 h
Kiribati10.02 m
Christmas Island, Line Islands
—5:06 h
Papua New Guinea10.02 m
Lombrum, Admiralty Islands
—8:52 h
Naoero10.02 m
Nauru
——
El Salvador10.01 m
La Union
—16:10 h

Highest documented water heights

15 / 174

Individual documented observations for this event. Heights come from different measurement types and sources; not every location has a measured height.

Location / stationObserved heightDistance from sourceCountry
Tadine, Mare Island1.00 m1,743 kmNew Caledonia
Norfolk Island0.60 m1,435 kmAustralia
Norfolk Island0.56 m1,436 kmAustralia
Santa Cruz Island · Galapagos Islands0.48 m9,679 kmEcuador
Port Vila, Efate Island0.32 m1,978 kmVanuatu
Bahia Mansa · Los Lagos0.31 m8,948 kmChile
Arena Cove, Ca · Ca0.30 m9,413 kmUnited States
Lenakel, Tanna0.30 m1,769 kmVanuatu
Korotiti Bay, Great Barrier Island0.29 m984 kmNew Zealand
Chanaral · Atacama0.28 m10,040 kmChile
Jackson Bay0.26 m2,014 kmNew Zealand
Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas Islands · Marquesas Islands0.25 m4,503 kmFrench Polynesia
Owenga, Chatham Island0.24 m1,587 kmNew Zealand
Arica · Arica Y Parinacota0.23 m10,552 kmChile
Corral · Los Rios0.23 m9,012 kmChile

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Historical Tsunami Database. Confirmed events only. Deaths and damage are database estimates; older records are incomplete. Water heights come from different types of observation.